Monday, January 19, 2015

Epidemiology

What is epidemiology?

According to the National Institute of Health “Epidemiology is a branch of medical science that investigates all the factors that determine the presence or absence of diseases and disorders. Epidemiological research helps us to understand how many people have a disease or disorder, if those numbers are changing, and how the disorder affects our society and our economy”.

The incidence of epilepsy looks at the number of new cases of epilepsy in a population over a period of time. It is often given in a ratio such as ‘X’ out of 1,000 persons develop epilepsy each year.

The prevalence of epilepsy looks at the number of people with epilepsy (existing cases) at any given point in time. This includes people with new onset epilepsy as well as those who have had epilepsy for some time. This is often given in a total number such as ‘X’ million’ people, but can also be given as a ratio.
We can use these numbers to show us the number of people affected right now (prevalence) or to show how often people are affected (incidence).
United States:
  • At any given time 1.3 to 2.8 million people are living with epilepsy.

  • Each year in the United States it is estimated that 150,000 (48 in every 100,000) people will develop epilepsy.

  • The incidence of epilepsy is higher in young children, older adults, African Americans, socially disadvantaged youths, and males.  

  • 1 in 26 people will develop epilepsy in their lifetime.


Worldwide:

  • World wide around 50 million people have epilepsy.
  • In the general population an estimated 40 to 70 per 100,000 people are newly diagnosed with epilepsy yearly. In developing countries, this number is often close to twice as high.
  • In developing countries 6 to 10 in 1000 have epilepsy.
  • Close to 80% of epilepsy cases worldwide are found in developing regions.

2 comments:

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